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Introduction
Krishna river is one of the longest rivers in central-southern India
, about 1,300 kilometres (810 mi). flows through the states Maharashtra , Karnataka ,
Andhra Pradesh and ends in bay. Krishna river is one of the disastrous rivers in the world, in that
it causes heavy soil erosion during the monsoon season. It flows fast and furious, often reaching depths of over 75 feet (23 m).
Source of Krishna River
The Krishna river originates in the western ghats near Mahabaleshwar at
height of about 1,300 meter, in Maharashtra The Krishna river is around 1300 km in
length and flows through the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
before merging in the Bay of Bengal at Hamasaladeevi in Andhra Pradesh. The principle tributaries of the Krishna River includes Koyna,
Bhima, Mallaprabha, Ghataprabha, Yerla, Warna, Dindi, Musi, Tungabhadra and
Dudhganga rivers.
Krishna River in plains
The Krishna River originating in the Western Ghats of
Maharashtra in the west, flows through the states of
Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh and meets the Bay of Bengal at Hamasaladeevi in Andhra Pradesh on the
east coast. Wai is the first city on the banks of Krishna in the Satara
district. Sangli is the largest city on the river Krishna in Maharashtra state while Vijayawada is the largest
city on the River Krishna in Andhra Pradesh .
Dams on Krishna River
The
big dams constructed across the Krishna river.are
* Dhom Balakwadi
* Dhom Dam
* Basava Sagar Dam
* Almatti Dam
* Srisailam Dam
* Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
* Prakasham Barrage
* Jurala Dam
* Narayanpur Dam- downstream of Almatti Dam
* Amar Dam
* Pulichitnthala Dam- is under construction.
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There is a big dam built just after the source of the river at Trimbakeshwar .
Krishna water award
The Andhra Pradesh government on March 16, 2011 informed the Assembly that it
would file an appeal either in the Supreme Court or before the Krishna River Water Disputes Tribunal on March 29 against the Justice Brijesh
Kumar Tribunal's award over allocation of Krishna water to the state. Opposition leader N Chandrababu Naidu blamed the Congress government for failing to protect
the state's interests. The government will take suitable measures to protect the state's
interests. We will fight for our rightful share of Krishna water said the chief minister.
History
The traditional source of Krishna river is the mouth of a statue of a cow in the ancient temple of Mahadev in
Mahabaleshwar. According to a legend, the Krishna River is Lord Vishnu himself as a result of a curse on the trimurtis by
Savitri. The tributaries of river Krishna, Venna and Koyana are said to be Lord Shiva (शिव) and Brahma
themselves. Four other tributaries of Krishna river, Koyana, Venna, Savitri and Gayatri, come out from the bull`s mouth
just like Krishna and they all travel some distance before merging into Krishna.
Krishna in Hindu religion
Krishna
river is a sacred holy river for Hindus as the River Ganga (गंगा), River
Yamuna (यमुना) Godavari ( गोदावरी) River and River
Narmada ( नर्मदा}. The river is named on the name of the Lord Krishna. It is believed that by taking the ritual
dip in its water can purify all the past sins of the human beings. The holy place on the river Krisna is "Dakshin Kashi Wai."
famous for the Mahaganpati Mandir, Kashivishweshwar temple. Dattadeva temple in Maharashtra is located on the banks of Krishna at Narasoba Waadi and Audumber near Sangli .
Sangameshwar Shiva Temple at Haripur and Ramling Temple are located on the banks of river Krishna near Sangli in Maharashtra state..
Kudalasangama is located near Bagalkot in Karnataka which is an Aikya linga of Basaveshwara Srisailam, one
of the twelve jyotirlingas, has an ancient temple for Lord Shiva .Sangameswra swamy temple (seen only during summer) is
situated near atmakur. The international Kalachakra festival was celebrated in the presence of Dalai Lama
in Amaravati , the capital of imperial Satavahanas who held sway over South India
for 400 years and a great seat of Buddhist learning and wisdom. Vijayawada on the left bank of the river
has a famous temple situated on Indrakeeladri mountain dedicated to Goddess Kanaka Durga .
Economy
The River Krishna is very important for the economically development of
this region. Krishna Basin extends over an area of 258,948 square kilometres (99,980 sq mi) which is nearly 8% of total geographical area of the country. The
basin lies in the states of Andhra Pradesh (113,271 km²), Karnataka (76,252 km²) and Maharashtra (69,425 km²).
The important soil types found in the basin are black soils, red soils, laterite and lateritic soils, alluvium, mixed soils,
red and black soils and saline and alkaline soils. The delta of the river is one of the most fertile regions in India.
Ecology
The Mangrove forests in the Krishna estuary have
been declared as the Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary. The sanctuary is the home to the large number of resident and migratory birds. Fishing cat,
otter, Estuarine crocodile, spotted deer, sambar, black buck </animals/mammals/black-buck.html>, snake, lizards and jackal can also
be spotted in the sanctuary. The sanctuary also supports rich vegetation with plants like Rhizophora, Avicennia, and Aegiceros.
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Bridges on Krishna river
The
big bridges on Krishna river are
* Krishna Bridge, Wai - Krishna Bridge is one of the old bridges bulit by the British
period. This bridge is built in the black rock with the attractive 9 kaman's.
* Irwin Bridge, Sangli - This is one of the oldest, historic and largest bridges built on river Krishna during the British rule. This
Bridge is built of Red colored stone and has two passages to climb down in the middle of the bridge and view the river water. The Ex Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Late Shri Vasantdada Patil who led
the freedom struggle in Western Maharashtra himself jumped into river Krishna from Irwin Bridge when he was chased by the British army.
* Ankali Bridge, Sangli - This is also one of the oldest bridges built during the British rule. This bridge connects
Maharashtra to Karnataka state.
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Tributaries of River Krishna
The most important tributary
of Krishna river is the Tungabhadra River , which is formed by the Tunga River and Bhadra River
( originate in the Western Ghats) . Other tributaries include the Venna River ,
Koyna River , Bhima River ( its tributaries such as the Kundali River feeding
into the Upper Bhima River Basin), Malaprabha River , Ghataprabha River,
Yerla River, Warna River, Dindi River, Paleru River , Musi River and Dudhganga River.
The rivers Venna ,Koyna , Vasna, Panchganga ,Dudhganga, Ghataprabha,
Malaprabha and Tungabhadra join Krishna river from the right bank; while the Yerla River, Musi River,
The river Maneru and river Bhima join the Krishna river from the left bank.
Three tributaries meet Krishna river near Sangli . Warana River meets Krishna river near Sangli at Haripur.This
spot is also known as Sangameshwar . Panchganga River meets Krishna river at Narsobawadi near Sangli.
Environment Protection
The
pollution in River Krishna is increasing and it is dying at an increasing rate. The river receives the waste from the large number of cities including Hyderabad, Pune,
Satara, Kolhapur, Kurnool and many more. The sewages from the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad flows into it. Large number of industrial
units operates from the river basin which are the main reason for the water pollution in the Krishna river.
Maharashtra government released 300 cusecs of water from Varana
reservoir into Krishna river on Monday evening. It had released 600 cusecs of water on May 5, 2012 evening from Rajapur barrage into the river
and on May 7, 2012 evening the government released 1,600 cusecs of water into Krishna river.
Maharashtra government’s decision to release water by setting aside all
controversies is expected to be an initiative to build healthy relations with Karnataka.
Sensing problems faced in drought hit areas of North Karnataka, the mentioned
delegation approached Maharashtra Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan last month. They tried convincing him to facilitate 5 TMC ft of
water to Karnataka for tackling the drought, but he agreed to provide 2 TMC ft.
Krishna river Map |
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